Ancient Chinese philosophers believed in the impartiality of “the Way of Heaven”, which is reflected in the idea that all people are equal in social status and wealth and Heaven takes from those who have too much and gives to those who live in want. By advocating equality in social status, they called for fairly protecting people’s interests and rights and suggested apart from impartiality, policymakers also need to fully consider difference in abilities between people. By advocating equality in wealth, they asked social resources to be equally distributed so as to avoid the excessive concentration of wealth. Wise rulers are expected to advocate high moral standards among the people, govern the state in a way that benefits them, and in this process they remain modest, without claiming credit for their own achievements.