In 2021 President Xi Jinping announced the successful realisation of China’s First Centenary Goal - the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in all Respects. Part of this success involved the elimination of absolute poverty throughout China. But this was a step in a process rather than an end goal. Work in rural areas will continue through the Rural Revitalisation Strategy. This book presents a summary of social and economic development and poverty alleviation in China since the founding of the PRC in 1949, and an account of real life poverty alleviation and rural revitalisation work at the grass roots in Gansu Province, Central China.